As the goddess lays claim to the heavens and all in it, and to all living things as well as to the seas and all things wet, there is no limit to the number of things which could be said to be her symbols.This, therefore, is only a partial listing:

Animals: the Bull; Horses, the Python, the hare (because the darker areas on the moon resemble it), any white animal

Colours: white; red, black (of the Triple Goddess) and blue and green (of Aphrodite Anadyomene, the sea goddess)

Birds: the halcyon (kingfisher) the raven; the dove, the heron (or crane)

Fish: all sea creatures, the dolphin, and the python because it was thought a land-going fish, and the salmon.

Letters: the vowels; and the consonants b, c, f, q, v, w, z. All of writing and literature, may be claimed for the goddess, as her temples were where the alphabet began.

Metals: silver, because it is the colour of the moon

Mirrors: the looking glass; and reflections from water

Music: Muse one of the names of the goddess, is the source of the word. The following are especially referential to the goddess: music based on the pentatonic scale; the Phrygian mode, choral music, wind and string instruments but also keyboards (because Saint Cecilia, a Christianised form of the goddess as muse, reputedly invented them). Generally, the Romantic composers (and in the case of Mozart's Die Zauberflote, specifically) made goddess music, but the composers of martial (named for the war god Mars) music and heavy metal did not.

Numbers: 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 , 13, 15, 29 and any larger number which had astronomical or calendrical significance, like 51 (years in a cycle of lunar eclipses). The number three is the goddess' as the Three Fates, the Three Graces or the Three Furies, while five belongs especially to Venus because when that planet is observed over an eight-year period, it traces a unicursive five-pointed path against the backdrop of the fixed stars (hence the pentagram and the Wicca symbol).

Plants: all belonged to the goddess Spring, but particularly white or red-flowered ones, or ones with a symmetry based on 5 (like the papaya, which confirms it's goddess nature by yielding women's pharmaceuticals). Roses are symbolic of Aphrodite, the Nile lotus of Isis. Grain plants (for Ceres); grapes, the laurel, the thirteen tree species of the bardic grove and the herbs of the ancient Materia medica

Shapes: circles; spirals, triangles (with base up or down), five-pointed stars, pots, cups and urns.

Stars: the planet Venus; the Pleiades, the moon....

Veils: veils occur in many paintings of the goddess, and represented the crescent moon. They also refer to the curtain of secrecy maintained by secret societies, as in Mme Blavatsky's Isis Unveilled

Water: the seas; streams, springs, wells...

Some symbols associated with Venus: the veil lofted above the goddess comes from images of the moon-goddess dating from Greek and Roman times. It is a disguised crescent moon.
The cherubim (flying babies) refer to Venus as Great Mother. Over time the flying babies have been conflated with her companion and servant Cupid, the love-god of Roman times. Her companion and servant in Greek and Minoan times was Hermes.
The roses, like all flowers are associated with the goddess as Spring (the force that through the green fuse drives the flower... Dylan Thomas), but roses refer specifically to Venus as love goddess.
The sea and all its creatures belong to Venus since she was born of the ocean foam. Venus can stand upon the water, at which time the sea becomes calm.
The dolphin is another specific symbol of Venus as sea-goddess. The name of the boy on the dolphin is Palaemon.
The swan (or sometimes, a goose) is a frequent motif in ancient seals and carved gems, where it is shown flying with the goddess riding on its back.